Add a Node to Percona XtraDB Cluster on Gentoo Linux

Prerequisites

• Cluster bootstrapped and running
• PXC installed on this node
• Ports 3306, 4444, 4567, 4568 open

Configure this node (/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf, example Node 2)

[mysqld]
server-id            = 2
wsrep_on...

Apache .htaccess and mod_rewrite on Gentoo Linux

Enable mod_rewrite

# Add 'rewrite' to APACHE2_MODULES in /etc/conf.d/apache2
rc-service apache2 restart

Allow overrides in virtual host

    AllowOverride All
    Require all granted

Common .

Apache + PHP-FPM on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Enable proxy modules

rc-service php-fpm start && rc-service apache2 reload

Step 2 – Virtual host with PHP-FPM handler

    ServerName example.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/html
    
        SetHandler...

Bootstrap a Percona XtraDB Cluster on Gentoo Linux

Nodes: 192.168.1.10 (bootstrap) · 192.168.1.11 · 192.168.1.12

Step 1 – Configure Node 1 (/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf)

[mysqld]
server-id            = 1
wsrep_on             = ON
wsrep_provider       = /usr/lib64/galera4/libgalera...

Configure Apache Virtual Hosts on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Create document root

mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html
echo '
Works!
' > /var/www/example.com/html/index.html
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/example.com 2>/dev/null || chown -R apache:apache /var/www/example.com 2>/dev/null ||...

Configure iptables on Gentoo Linux

Install

emerge --ask net-firewall/iptables

Ruleset (/etc/iptables/iptables.rules)

*filter
:INPUT DROP [0:0]
:FORWARD DROP [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp --d...

Configure Nginx as a Reverse Proxy on Gentoo Linux

Basic reverse proxy

upstream backend {
    server 127.0.0.1:3000;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name app.example.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass         http://backend;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header...

Configure Nginx Virtual Hosts on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Create the document root

mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html
echo '
Works!
' > /var/www/example.com/html/index.html

Step 2 – Create /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name exa...

Configure OpenSMTPD on Gentoo Linux

Install

# OpenBSD – built-in:
rcctl enable smtpd && rcctl start smtpd

# Other platforms:
# Ubuntu/Debian:
apt install opensmtpd
# AlmaLinux/RHEL:
dnf install opensmtpd
# Arch:
pacman -S opensmtpd

Basic /etc/mail/smtpd.conf

pki mail.example.com cert "/etc...

Elasticsearch Multi-Node Cluster on Gentoo Linux

Nodes: node-1 192.168.1.10 · node-2 192.168.1.11 · node-3 192.168.1.12

Node 1 elasticsearch.yml

cluster.name: production-cluster
node.name: node-1
node.roles: [master, data, ingest]
network.host: 192.168.1.10
http.port: 9200
transport.por...

Elasticsearch Snapshot Backup on Gentoo Linux

Register filesystem repository

mkdir -p /var/backups/elasticsearch
chown elasticsearch:elasticsearch /var/backups/elasticsearch

elasticsearch.yml: path.repo: ["/var/backups/elasticsearch"]

curl -X PUT "https://localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup...

Enable TLS/SSL on Apache – Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Enable mod_ssl

# Add 'ssl' to APACHE2_OPTS in /etc/conf.d/apache2
rc-service apache2 restart

Step 2 – Generate self-signed certificate

openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 \
    -keyout /etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key \...

Enable TLS/SSL on Nginx – Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Self-signed certificate (testing)

openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 \
    -keyout /etc/ssl/private/nginx-selfsigned.key \
    -out /etc/ssl/certs/nginx-selfsigned.crt \
    -subj "/CN=example.com"
openssl dhparam -out /etc/ssl/cer...

HAProxy MySQL Load Balancing on Gentoo Linux

Config section

listen mysql-cluster
    bind *:3306
    mode    tcp
    option  mysql-check user haproxy_check
    balance leastconn
    server db1 192.168.1.10:3306 check weight 1
    server db2 192.168.1.11:3306 check weight 1
    server db3 192.168...

HAProxy TLS Termination on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Combine cert + key

cat /etc/ssl/certs/example.com.crt /etc/ssl/private/example.com.key > /etc/haproxy/certs/example.com.pem
chmod 600 /etc/haproxy/certs/example.com.pem
openssl dhparam -out /etc/haproxy/dhparam.pem 2048

Step 2 – Config

global...

Harden SSH on Gentoo Linux

Back up config

cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak

Key settings (/etc/ssh/sshd_config)

Port 2222
PermitRootLogin no
PasswordAuthentication no
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AllowUsers deploy alice
Protocol 2
ClientAliveInterval 600
ClientAliveCountMax 0
X1...

Install and Configure Postfix on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Install

emerge --ask mail-mta/postfix
rc-update add postfix default && rc-service postfix start

Step 2 – /etc/postfix/main.cf

myhostname  = mail.example.com
mydomain    = example.com
myorigin    = $mydomain
inet_interfaces = all
inet_pr...

Install Apache HTTP Server on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Install

emerge --sync
emerge --ask www-servers/apache
rc-update add apache2 default
rc-service apache2 start

Step 2 – Open firewall ports

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

Step 3

Install Docker on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Install

emerge --ask app-containers/docker app-containers/docker-cli
rc-update add docker default && rc-service docker start

Step 2 – Add user to docker group

usermod -aG docker $USER && newgrp docker

Step 3 – Verify

docker --version
docker run --r...

Install Elasticsearch on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Install

# Download Elasticsearch tarball from https://www.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch
# for Gentoo Linux

Step 2 – Save initial root password

grep 'generated password' /var/log/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.log
# Reset if needed:
/usr/share/...

Install Fail2Ban on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Install

emerge --ask net-analyzer/fail2ban
rc-update add fail2ban default && rc-service fail2ban start

Step 2 – /etc/fail2ban/jail.local

[DEFAULT]
bantime  = 3600
findtime = 600
maxretry = 5
banaction = iptables-multiport
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 192....

Install Gitea on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Create git user and download binary

useradd -r -m -d /home/git -s /bin/bash git
VERSION=1.22.0
wget -O /usr/local/bin/gitea https://dl.gitea.com/gitea/${VERSION}/gitea-${VERSION}-linux-amd64
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gitea

Step 2 – Directories

mkdir -p /v...

Install Grafana on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Install

# Download from https://grafana.com/grafana/download

Step 2 – Access

http://your-server:3000 — default admin / admin (change immediately).

Step 3 – Add Prometheus data source

1. Configuration → Data Sources → Add data source
2. Select P...

Install HAProxy on Gentoo Linux

Step 1 – Install

emerge --ask net-proxy/haproxy
rc-update add haproxy default && rc-service haproxy start

Step 2 – Basic /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global
    log /dev/log local0
    chroot /var/lib/haproxy
    stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 leve...