Add a Node to Percona XtraDB Cluster on Arch Linux

Prerequisites

• Cluster bootstrapped and running
• PXC installed on this node
• Ports 3306, 4444, 4567, 4568 open

Configure this node (/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf, example Node 2)

[mysqld]
server-id            = 2
wsrep_on...

Apache .htaccess and mod_rewrite on Arch Linux

Enable mod_rewrite

# Uncomment LoadModule rewrite_module in /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
systemctl restart httpd

Allow overrides in virtual host

    AllowOverride All
    Require all granted

Com

Apache + PHP-FPM on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Enable proxy modules

systemctl enable --now php-fpm && systemctl reload httpd

Step 2 – Virtual host with PHP-FPM handler

    ServerName example.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/html
    
        SetHandler...

Bootstrap a Percona XtraDB Cluster on Arch Linux

Nodes: 192.168.1.10 (bootstrap) · 192.168.1.11 · 192.168.1.12

Step 1 – Configure Node 1 (/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf)

[mysqld]
server-id            = 1
wsrep_on             = ON
wsrep_provider       = /usr/lib64/galera4/libgalera_s...

Configure Apache Virtual Hosts on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Create document root

mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html
echo '
Works!
' > /var/www/example.com/html/index.html
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/example.com 2>/dev/null || chown -R apache:apache /var/www/example.com 2>/dev/null || tr...

Configure UFW on Arch Linux

Install and set defaults

pacman -S --noconfirm ufw
ufw default deny incoming
ufw default allow outgoing

Allow services

ufw allow ssh
ufw allow 80/tcp
ufw allow 443/tcp
ufw enable

Status

ufw status verbose

Allow from specific IP

ufw allow from 192.168.1.100...

Configure Nginx as a Reverse Proxy on Arch Linux

Basic reverse proxy

upstream backend {
    server 127.0.0.1:3000;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name app.example.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass         http://backend;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header   Up...

Configure Nginx Virtual Hosts on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Create the document root

mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html
echo '
Works!
' > /var/www/example.com/html/index.html

Step 2 – Create /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name e...

Configure OpenSMTPD on Arch Linux

Install

# OpenBSD – built-in:
rcctl enable smtpd && rcctl start smtpd

# Other platforms:
# Ubuntu/Debian:
apt install opensmtpd
# AlmaLinux/RHEL:
dnf install opensmtpd
# Arch:
pacman -S opensmtpd

Basic /etc/mail/smtpd.conf

pki mail.example.com cert "/etc/s...

Elasticsearch Multi-Node Cluster on Arch Linux

Nodes: node-1 192.168.1.10 · node-2 192.168.1.11 · node-3 192.168.1.12

Node 1 elasticsearch.yml

cluster.name: production-cluster
node.name: node-1
node.roles: [master, data, ingest]
network.host: 192.168.1.10
http.port: 9200
transport.port:...

Elasticsearch Snapshot Backup on Arch Linux

Register filesystem repository

mkdir -p /var/backups/elasticsearch
chown elasticsearch:elasticsearch /var/backups/elasticsearch

elasticsearch.yml: path.repo: ["/var/backups/elasticsearch"]

curl -X PUT "https://localhost:9200/_snapshot/my_backup"...

Enable TLS/SSL on Apache – Arch Linux

Step 1 – Enable mod_ssl

# Uncomment LoadModule ssl_module in httpd.conf
systemctl restart httpd

Step 2 – Generate self-signed certificate

openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 \
    -keyout /etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key \
    -out...

Enable TLS/SSL on Nginx – Arch Linux

Step 1 – Self-signed certificate (testing)

openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 \
    -keyout /etc/ssl/private/nginx-selfsigned.key \
    -out /etc/ssl/certs/nginx-selfsigned.crt \
    -subj "/CN=example.com"
openssl dhparam -out /etc/ssl/certs...

HAProxy MySQL Load Balancing on Arch Linux

Config section

listen mysql-cluster
    bind *:3306
    mode    tcp
    option  mysql-check user haproxy_check
    balance leastconn
    server db1 192.168.1.10:3306 check weight 1
    server db2 192.168.1.11:3306 check weight 1
    server db3 192.168.1...

HAProxy TLS Termination on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Combine cert + key

cat /etc/ssl/certs/example.com.crt /etc/ssl/private/example.com.key > /etc/haproxy/certs/example.com.pem
chmod 600 /etc/haproxy/certs/example.com.pem
openssl dhparam -out /etc/haproxy/dhparam.pem 2048

Step 2 – Config

global...

Harden SSH on Arch Linux

Back up config

cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak

Key settings (/etc/ssh/sshd_config)

Port 2222
PermitRootLogin no
PasswordAuthentication no
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AllowUsers deploy alice
Protocol 2
ClientAliveInterval 600
ClientAliveCountMax 0
X11F...

Install and Configure Postfix on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Install

pacman -S --noconfirm postfix
systemctl enable --now postfix

Step 2 – /etc/postfix/main.cf

myhostname  = mail.example.com
mydomain    = example.com
myorigin    = $mydomain
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
mydestination =...

Install Apache HTTP Server on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Install

pacman -Syu --noconfirm
pacman -S --noconfirm apache
systemctl enable --now httpd

Step 2 – Open firewall ports

ufw allow 80/tcp && ufw allow 443/tcp && ufw reload

Step 3 – Verify

curl -I http://localhost
apachectl -v

Main config...

Install Docker on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Install

pacman -S --noconfirm docker docker-compose
systemctl enable --now docker

Step 2 – Add user to docker group

usermod -aG docker $USER && newgrp docker

Step 3 – Verify

docker --version
docker run --rm hello-world

Step 4 – Example compose.yml

Install Elasticsearch on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Install

yay -S elasticsearch --noconfirm
systemctl enable --now elasticsearch

Step 2 – Save initial root password

grep 'generated password' /var/log/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.log
# Reset if needed:
/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-rese...

Install Fail2Ban on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Install

pacman -S --noconfirm fail2ban
systemctl enable --now fail2ban

Step 2 – /etc/fail2ban/jail.local

[DEFAULT]
bantime  = 3600
findtime = 600
maxretry = 5
banaction = iptables-multiport
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 192.168.1.0/24

[sshd]
enabled  = true...

Install Gitea on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Create git user and download binary

useradd -r -m -d /home/git -s /bin/bash git
VERSION=1.22.0
wget -O /usr/local/bin/gitea https://dl.gitea.com/gitea/${VERSION}/gitea-${VERSION}-linux-amd64
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gitea

Step 2 – Directories

mkdir -p /var...

Install Grafana on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Install

pacman -S --noconfirm grafana
systemctl enable --now grafana

Step 2 – Access

http://your-server:3000 — default admin / admin (change immediately).

Step 3 – Add Prometheus data source

1. Configuration → Data Sources → Add data source
2. Se...

Install HAProxy on Arch Linux

Step 1 – Install

pacman -S --noconfirm haproxy
systemctl enable --now haproxy

Step 2 – Basic /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global
    log /dev/log local0
    chroot /var/lib/haproxy
    stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin
    user haproxy
    g...