PHP-FPM Multiple Pools on Ubuntu 24.04

Pool directory: /etc/php/8.3/fpm/pool.d/

Create /etc/php/8.3/fpm/pool.d/site1.conf

[site1]
user  = site1
group = site1
listen = /run/php-fpm/site1.sock
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode  = 0660
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children...

Start with setting apache rule to prevent httproxy vulnerability. Set this after main configuration (before serveradmin)

vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

RequestHeader unset Proxy early

Install php-fpm

yum install php72-fpm

Enable mpm_event and comment out everything else

vi /etc/httpd/conf...

Update packages

sudo apt-get update

Install nginx

sudo apt-get install -y nginx

Enable and start nginx

sudo systemctl enable nginx && systemctl start nginx

Install PHP8.1 and PHP8.1-FPM + some important modules

sudo apt-get install php8.1-cli php8.1-fpm php8.1-curl php8.1-gd php8.1-mys...

Install PostgreSQL, set up streaming replication, perform backups and tune performance.

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on AlmaLinux 9

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-0...

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on Arch Linux

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-05...

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on Debian 12

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-05-...

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on Gentoo Linux

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-...

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on NetBSD 10

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-05-...

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on OpenBSD 7.5

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-0...

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on RHEL 9

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-05-07....

PostgreSQL Backup and Restore on Ubuntu 24.04

Logical – pg_dump

# Single database
sudo -u postgres pg_dump -Fc appdb > /backups/appdb_$(date +%F).dump

# All databases
sudo -u postgres pg_dumpall > /backups/all_$(date +%F).sql

Restore

sudo -u postgres pg_restore -d appdb /backups/appdb_2026-...

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on AlmaLinux 9

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf:

host replication replicator...

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on Arch Linux

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /var/lib/postgres/data/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/var/lib/postgres/data/pg_hba.conf:

host replication repli...

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on Debian 12

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /var/lib/postgres/data/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/var/lib/postgres/data/pg_hba.conf:

host replication replic...

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on Gentoo Linux

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /var/lib/postgres/data/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/var/lib/postgres/data/pg_hba.conf:

host replication rep...

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on NetBSD 10

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /var/lib/postgres/data/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/var/lib/postgres/data/pg_hba.conf:

host replication replic...

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on OpenBSD 7.5

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /var/lib/postgres/data/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/var/lib/postgres/data/pg_hba.conf:

host replication repl...

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on RHEL 9

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf:

host replication replicator 192....

PostgreSQL Streaming Replication on Ubuntu 24.04

Primary: 192.168.1.10   Standby: 192.168.1.11

Primary – /etc/postgresql/16/main/postgresql.conf

wal_level = replica
max_wal_senders = 5
wal_keep_size = 512MB
listen_addresses = '*'

/etc/postgresql/16/main/pg_hba.conf:

host replication r...

PostgreSQL User and Role Management on AlmaLinux 9

Create roles

CREATE ROLE alice WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'AlicePass!';
CREATE ROLE dbadmin WITH SUPERUSER LOGIN PASSWORD 'AdminPass!';
CREATE ROLE readonly;

Grant privileges

GRANT CONNECT ON DATABASE appdb TO alice;
GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA public TO...

PostgreSQL User and Role Management on Arch Linux

Create roles

CREATE ROLE alice WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'AlicePass!';
CREATE ROLE dbadmin WITH SUPERUSER LOGIN PASSWORD 'AdminPass!';
CREATE ROLE readonly;

Grant privileges

GRANT CONNECT ON DATABASE appdb TO alice;
GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA public TO...

PostgreSQL User and Role Management on Debian 12

Create roles

CREATE ROLE alice WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'AlicePass!';
CREATE ROLE dbadmin WITH SUPERUSER LOGIN PASSWORD 'AdminPass!';
CREATE ROLE readonly;

Grant privileges

GRANT CONNECT ON DATABASE appdb TO alice;
GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA public TO a...

PostgreSQL User and Role Management on Gentoo Linux

Create roles

CREATE ROLE alice WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'AlicePass!';
CREATE ROLE dbadmin WITH SUPERUSER LOGIN PASSWORD 'AdminPass!';
CREATE ROLE readonly;

Grant privileges

GRANT CONNECT ON DATABASE appdb TO alice;
GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA public T...