Nginx Load Balancing on OpenBSD 7.5

Round-robin (default)

upstream myapp {
    server 192.168.1.10:8080;
    server 192.168.1.11:8080;
    server 192.168.1.12:8080;
}
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name lb.example.com;
    location / { proxy_pass http://myapp; }
}

Least connections

upstr...

Nginx Load Balancing on RHEL 9

Round-robin (default)

upstream myapp {
    server 192.168.1.10:8080;
    server 192.168.1.11:8080;
    server 192.168.1.12:8080;
}
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name lb.example.com;
    location / { proxy_pass http://myapp; }
}

Least connections

upstream m...

Nginx Load Balancing on Ubuntu 24.04

Round-robin (default)

upstream myapp {
    server 192.168.1.10:8080;
    server 192.168.1.11:8080;
    server 192.168.1.12:8080;
}
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name lb.example.com;
    location / { proxy_pass http://myapp; }
}

Least connections

upst...

Nginx Rate Limiting on AlmaLinux 9

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    lim...

Nginx Rate Limiting on Arch Linux

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    limi...

Nginx Rate Limiting on Debian 12

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    limit...

Nginx Rate Limiting on Gentoo Linux

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    li...

Nginx Rate Limiting on NetBSD 10

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    limit...

Nginx Rate Limiting on OpenBSD 7.5

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    lim...

Nginx Rate Limiting on RHEL 9

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    limit_re...

Nginx Rate Limiting on Ubuntu 24.04

Define zones in http block

http {
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m     rate=10r/s;
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login:10m   rate=5r/m;
}

Apply to locations

location /api/ {
    limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
    li...

Nginx Security Headers on AlmaLinux 9

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protectio...

Nginx Security Headers on Arch Linux

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection...

Nginx Security Headers on Debian 12

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection...

Nginx Security Headers on Gentoo Linux

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protecti...

Nginx Security Headers on NetBSD 10

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection...

Nginx Security Headers on OpenBSD 7.5

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protectio...

Nginx Security Headers on RHEL 9

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection...

Nginx Security Headers on Ubuntu 24.04

Create /etc/nginx/snippets/security-headers.conf

add_header X-Frame-Options            "SAMEORIGIN"                                 always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options     "nosniff"                                    always;
add_header X-XSS-Protecti...

How-to guides for installing and configuring Nginx on AlmaLinux, RHEL, Ubuntu, Debian, Gentoo, Arch, OpenBSD and NetBSD.

Deploy and manage Percona XtraDB Cluster (PXC) with synchronous multi-master replication.

Install PHP-FPM, configure pools, tune OPcache and optimise performance for every supported OS.

PHP-FPM Multiple Pools on AlmaLinux 9

Pool directory: /etc/php-fpm.d/

Create /etc/php-fpm.d/site1.conf

[site1]
user  = site1
group = site1
listen = /run/php-fpm/site1.sock
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode  = 0660
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children      = 10
pm.start_serv...

PHP-FPM Multiple Pools on Arch Linux

Pool directory: /etc/php/php-fpm.d/

Create /etc/php/php-fpm.d/site1.conf

[site1]
user  = site1
group = site1
listen = /run/php-fpm/site1.sock
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode  = 0660
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children      = 10
pm.sta...